Pigafetta recounted that after two days, March 18, nine men came to them and showed joy and eagerness in seeing them. Magellan realized that the men were reasonable and welcomed them with food, drinks, and gifts.
In turn, the natives gave them fish, palm wine uraca , figs, and two cochos. The natives also gave them rice umai , cocos, and other food supplies. Pigafetta detailed in amazement and fascination the palm tree which bore fruits called cocho, and wine. He also described what seemed like a coconut. Ma, vent the interpreter to the king and asked for money for the needs of jy ships and expressed that he came into the islands as a friend and not q sn onemy.
The king responded by giving Magellan the needed provision, of food in chinaware. Magellan exchanged gifts of robes in Turkish fashion f red cap, and gave the people knives and mirrors. The two then express their desire to become brothers. Magellan also boasted of his men in arm who could not be struck with swords and daggers. The gold was abundant that parts of the ship and of the house of the second king were made of gold. Pigafetta describel this king as the most handsome of all the men that he saw in this place.
Ht» was also adorned with silk and gold accessories like a golden dagger, which he carried with him in a wooden polished sheath. Pigafetta reported that both kings participated in the mass. Magellan explained that the cross, the nail, and the crown were the signs of his emperor and that he was ordered to plant it in the places that he would reach.
Magellan further explained that the cross would be beneficial for their people because orice other Spaniards saw this cross, then they would know that they had been in this land and would not cause them troubles, and any person who might be held captives by them would be released.
The king concurred and allowed for the cross to be planted. After seven days, Magellan and his men decided to move and look for islands where they could acquire more supplies and provisions. Raia Calambu offered to pilot them in going to Cebu, the largest and the richest of the islands. By April 7th of the same year, Magellan and his men reached the port of Cebu.
Magellan said that he was a captain of a king himself and thus would not pay tribute to other kings. The king of Cebu consulted his council. There, the king offered a bit of his blood and demanded that Magellan do the same.
Our people answered that he would do it. Besides that, he said that all the captains who came to his country had been accustomed to make a present to him, and he to them, and therefore they should ask their captain if he would observe the custom.
Pigaette ne te pebals who would succeed the atta i a ele responded that the eldest child of the yint che ree a bean, would be the next in line. Magellan spoke to the king and eno him tobe a good Christian by burning all ofthe idols and worship the ee instead. The king of Cebu was then baptized as a Christian. He admitted that they burned a village down fe obeying neither the king nor Magellan.
When the queen came to the Mass one day, Magellan ga? The king d Cebu swore that he would always be faithful to Magellan. Magellan insisted that tb? Magellan's forces arrived ing? The battle began, Pgatetia roger it Wire when we reached land we found the islanders fit, in number, drawn up in three squadrons; they upon us with terrible shouts, two squadrons attacking us on tho lanks, andthe third in front, The captain then divided te msn in two bands.
Qur musketeers and erosebow-men fis for half an hour from a distance, but did nothing, since the bullets and arrows, though they passed through their shields made of thin wood, and perhaps wounded their arms, yet did not stop them. The captain shouted not to fire, but he was not listened to.
The islanders seeing that the shots of sur guns did them little or no harm would not retire, but shouted more loudly, and springing from one side to the other to avoid our shots, they at the same time drew nearer to us, throwing arrows, javelins, spears hardened in fire, stones, and even mud, so that we could hardly defend ourselves. Some of them cast lances pointed with iron at the captain-general. The natives, perceiving that the bodies af the enemies were protected with armors, aimed for their legs instead, Magellan was pierced with a poisoned arrow in his right leg.
A few of their nen charged at the natives and tried to intimidate them by burning an entire vilage but this only enraged the natives further. Magellan was specifically targeted because the natives knew that he was the captain general.
Pigafetta was nop nt the join the twenty-four men who attended because he was nursing his 4, ty wounds, It was only a short. His observations and assessments of fe jndigenous cultures employed the European standards. Hence, when they intabo indigenous atires of the natives, Pigafetta saw them as being naked reeause from the European standpoint, they were wearing fewer clothes indeed.
It should be understood that such observations were rooted from the context of Pigafetta and of his era. Europe, for example, was dominated by the Holy Roman Empire, whose loyalty and purpose was the domination of the Catholic Church all over the world. Hence, other belief systems different from that of Christianity were perceived to be blasphemous and barbaric, even demonic. Aside from this, the sixteenth century European economy was mercantilist.
Such system measures the wealth of kingdoms based on their accumulation of bullions or precious metals like gold and silver. It was not surprising therefore that Pigafetta would always mention the abundance of told in the islands as shown in his description of leaders wearing gold rings and golden daggers, and of the rich gold mines. In that era, Spain and Port 4 coveted the control of Spice Islands because it would have led to a certain, iticrease in wealth, influence, and power.
KKK or Katipunan is. While anti-colonial movements, efforts, and organizations had already been established centuries prior to the. Previous armed revoltgy had already occurred before the foundation of the Katipunan, but none g them envisioned a unified Filipino nation revolting against the colonizers, For example, Diego Silang was known as an Ilocano who took up his amg and led one of the longest running revolts in the country.
The imagination of the nation was largely abs in the aspirations of the local revolts before Katipunan. On the other hand , the propaganda movements led by the ilustrados like Marcelo H. In the conduct of their struggle, Katipunan created a complex structure and. One of the most important Katipunan documents was the Kartilya ng Katipunan.
Jacinto was only 18 years old when he joined the movement. Jacinto became the secretary of the organization and charge of the short-lived printing press of the Katipunan. Generally, the rules stated in ified into two. The first group contains the rules that 7 — eee to what we have done to the accounts of Pigafetta, this prim source filso needs to be analyzed in: terms of content and context.
For ex? In the context of the Spanish colonial era where the indios were treated as the inferior of the white Europeans, the Katipunan saw to'it that the alternative order that they wished to promulgate through their revolution necessarily destroyed this kind of unjust hierarchy. Moreover, one can analyze the values upheld in the document as consistent with the burgeoning rational and liberal ideals in the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
Equality, tolerance, freedom, and liberty were values that first emerged in the eighteenth century French Revolution; which spread throughout Europe and reached the educated class of the colonies. Jacinto, an ilustrado himself, certainly got an understanding of these values. Aside from the liberal values that can be dissected in the document, we can also decipher certain Victorian and chivalrous values in the text. For example, various provisions in the Kartilya repeatedly emphasized the importance of honor in words and in action.
For example, in the tenth rule, the document specifically stated that men should be the guide of women and children, and that he should set a good example, otherwise the women and the children would be guided in the path of evil. Nevertheless, the same document stated that women should be treated as companions by men and not as playthings that can be exploited for their pleasure.
In the contemporary eyes, the Katipunan can be criticized because of these provisions. Not even in Europe or-in the whole of the West at that juncture recognized the problem: of gender inequality. Aside from Rizal's known Letter to the Women of Malolos, no saine effort by the supposed cosmopolitan Propaganda Movement was achieved until the movement's eventual disintegration in the latter part of the s.
Both are essential to the Chepler2 Content and Contests! This is in spite of the historical importance of the document! The declaration says: n y the Civil Guard to the extent of causing death with the connivance and even with the express orders of their commanders, who Sometimes went to the extreme ordering the shooting of prisoners under the pretext that they Were attempting to escape, in Violation of the provisions of the Regulations of their Corps, which abuses were unpunished and on account of the unjust deportations, especially those Soares by General Blanco, of eminent personages and of trina koningii Ar ing them out of the way for their ow?
Specifically cited are the abuse by the Civil Guards and the unlawful shooting of prisoners whom they alleged as attempting to escape. Lastly, the passage also condemns what they saw as the unjust deportation and rendering of other decision without proper hearing, expected of any civilized nation. From here, the proclamation proceeded with a brief historical overview of the Spanish occupation since Magellan's arrival in Visayas until the Philippine Revolution, with specific details about the latter, especially after the Pact of Biak-na-Bato had collapsed.
The revolt also reached Visayas; thus, the independence of the country was ensured. The first mention was at the very beginning of the proclamation.
This often overlooked detail reveale much about the historically accurate meaning behind the most widely known national symbol in the Philippines. Aside from this, the document reflects the general revolutionary sentiment of that period.
For example, the abuses specifically mentioned in the proclamation like friar abuse, racial discrimination, and inequality before the law reflect the most compelling sentiments represented by the revolutionary leadership. However, no mention was made: about the more serious problem that affected the masses more profoundly ie. Such aspects and. The Treaty was gi lent on 10 December , six months after the revolutionary sovernmen declared the Philippine Independence.
The Americans cccupigy the Philippines immediately which resulted in the Philippine-Americay War that lasted until the earliest years of the twentieth century, The proclamation also gives us the impression on how the vietoriog revolutionary government of Aguinaldo historicized the struggle fr independence. Jose Rizal's legacy and martyrdom was also mentioned in the document, However, the Katipunan as the pioneer of the revolutionary movement was only mentioned once toward the end of the document.
Bonifacio and his co-founders were also left out. The point is, even official records and documents like. This manifests in the selectiveness information that can be found in these records. It is the task of the historis thus, to analyze the content of these documents in relation to the dominast politics and the contexts of people and. Tbs tells us a lesson on taking primary sources like official government ; within the circumstance of this production. Studying one historical subjeeh thus, entails looking at multiple primary sources and pieces of histor!
Such art genre and technique became a part of the print media as a form of social and political commentary, which usually targets persons of power and authority. Cartoons became an effective tool of publicizing opinions through heavy use of symbolism, which is different from a verbose written editorial and opinion pieces. Commentaries in mass media inevitably shape public opinion and such kind of opinion is worthy of historical examination.
In his book Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era , Alfred McCoy, together with Alfredo Roces, compiled political cartoons published in newspaper dailies and periodicals in the aforementioned time period. For this part, we are going to look at selected cartoons and explain the context of each one. The cartoon shows a politician from Tondo, named Dr.
Santos, passing his crown to his brother-in-law, Dr. A Filipino guy as depicted wearing salakot and barong tagalog was trying to stop Santos, telling the latter to stop giving Barcelona the crown because it is not his to begin with. The Independent on 1g solo and was aimed ag 9 dune, Here, we see a Filipino child who stole a skinny chicken because he had nothing to eat, The police officer was relentlessly pursuing the said child.
A man wearing a salakot, labeled Juan de la Cruz was grabbing the officer, telling him tp leave the small-time pickpockets and thieves and to turn at the great thieves instead.
He was pointing to huge warehouses containing bulks of rice, milk, colorum automobiles in the city streets. Two youngsters looked horrified while an older couple seemed amused. Here, we see the caricature of Uncle Sam riding a chariot pulled by Filipinos wearing school uniforms.
The Filipino boys were carrying American objects like baseball bats, whiskey, and boxing gloves. McCoy, in his caption to the said cartoon, says that this cartoon was based on an event in when William Howard Taft was brought to the Manila pier riding a chariot pulled by students of Liceo de Manila.
Such was condemned by the nationalists at that time. This can. Patronage also became influential and powerful, not only between clients and patrons but also-between the newly formed: political parties composed of the elite and the United States. This was depicted in the cartoon where the United States, represented by Uncle Sam, provided dole outs for members of the Federalista while the Nacionalista politicians looked on and waited for their turn, Thus, the essence of competing political parties to enforce choices among the voters was cancelled out.
The problem continues up to the present where politicians transfer from one party to another depending on which party was powerful in specific periods of time. The transition from a Catholic-centered, Spanish-Filipino society to an imperial American-assimilated one, and its complications, were also depicted in the cartoons.
One example is the unprecedented increase of motorized vehicles in the city. Automobiles became a popular mode of transportation in the city and led to the emergence of taxis. However, the laws and policy implementation was mediocre. This resulted in the increasing colorum and unlicensed vehicles transporting people around the city. The rules governing the issuance of driver's license was loose and traffic police could not be bothered by rampant violations of traffic rules.
This is a direct consequence of the drastic urbanization of the Philippine society. Here, we can see how that period was the meeting point between the conservative past and the liberated future of the Philippines. From the looks of it, nothing much has changed. For example, a cartoon depicted how police authorities oppress petty Filipino criminals while turning a blind eye on hoarders who monopolize goods in their huge warehouses presumably Chinese merchants.
The other cartoon depicts how Americans controlled Filipinos through seemingly harmless American objects. Cory was hoisted as the antithesis of the dictator.
This is despite the fact that Cory came from a rich haciendero family « in Tarlac and owned vast estates of sugar plantation and whose relatives occupy local and national government positions. The People Power Revolution of was widely recognized around the world for its peaceful character. When former senator Ninoy Aquino was shot at the tarmac of the Manila International Airport on 21 August , the Marcos regime greatly suffered a crisis of legitimacy.
Protests from different sectors frequented different areas in the country. Paired with the looming economic crisis, Marcos had to do something to prove to his allies in the United States that he remained to be the democratically anointed leader of the country. He called for a Snap Election in February , where Corazon Cojuangco Aquino, the widow of the slain senator was convinced to run against Marcos. The canvassing was rigged to Marcos's favor but the people expressed their protests against the corrupt and authoritarian government.
The overwhelming presence of civilians i? She began her. She talked ofthe three tines that they lost Ninoy including his demise on 23 August The first time was when the dictatorship detained Ninoy with other dissenters. They locked him up in a tiny, nearly airless cell in a military camp in the north.
They stripped him naked and held a threat of a sudden midnight execution over his head. Ninoy held up manfully under all of it. I barely did as well. For forty-three days, the authorities would not tell me what had happened to him. This was the first time my children and I felt we had lost him.
He was tried by a military court, whose legitimacy Ninoy adamantly questioned. To solidify his protest, Ninoy decided to do a hunger strike and fasted for'40 days.
Cory treated this event as the second time that their family lost Ninoy. Ninoy challenged its authority and went on a fast. If he survived it, then he felt God intended him for another fate. We had lost him again. He stopped only when it dawned on him that the government would keep his body alive after the fast had destroyed his brain.
And so, with barely any life in his body, he called off the fast on the 40th day. The news came to us ini Boston. It had to be after the three happiest years of our lives together.
The dictator had called him a nobody. Yet, two million people threw aside their passivity and fear and escorted him to his grave. I held out for participation in the election the dictatorship called, even if I knew it would be rigged. I was warned by the lawyers of the opposition, that I ran the grave risk of legitimizing the foregone results of elections that were clearly going to be fraudulent.
But I was not fighting for lawyers but for the people in whose intelligence, I had implicit faith. By the exercise of democracy even in a dictatorship, they would be prepared for democracy when it came.
And then also, it was the only way I knew by which we could measure our power even in the terms dictated by the dictatorship. The people vindicated me in an election shamefully marked by government thuggery and fraud. The opposition swept the elections, garnering a clear majority of the votes even if they ended up thanks to a corrupt Commission on Elections with barely a third of the seats in Parliament, Now, I knew our power!
When it is approved, there will be electi: ions for both national and local Positions. So, within about a year from a peaceful but national upheaval that overturned a dictatorship, we shall have returned to full constitutional government. By the time he fled, that insurgency had 8rown to more than sixteen thousand. I think there is a lesson here to be learned about trying to stifle a thing with a means by which it grows. She invoked the path of peace because she believed that it was the moral path that a moral government must take.
Cory expressed her intention to honor those debts. I have said that we shall honor it. Yet, the means by which we shall be able to do so are kept from us, Many of the conditions imposed on the previous government that stole this debt, continue to be imposed. They came to me with one cry, democracy. Not food although they clearly needed it but democracy. Not work, although they surely wanted it but democracy. Not money, for they gave what little they had to my campaign.
These were the persisting commit insurgency and the economic deterioration. And here, you have a people who want it by themselves and need only the help to preserve it. The speech talks of her family background, especially. It is well known that it was Ninoy who served as the real leading figure of the opposition at that time.
The ideology or the principles of the new democratic government can also be seen in the same speech. Aquino was able to draw the sharp contrast between her government and of her predecessor by expressing her commitment to a democratic constitution drafted by an independent commission. She claimed that such constitution upholds and adheres to the rights and liberty of the Filipino people.
He: espengg to this insurgency rooted from her diametric opposition of the dictator initiating reintegration of communist rebels to the mainstream Philipping society. Cory claimed that her main approach to this problem was through 4 peace and not through the sword of war. This is seen in terms of continuing the alliance between the Philippines and the United States despite the known affinity between the said world super power and Marcos.
For example, Cory recognized that the large sum of foreign debts incurred by the Maroog regime never benefitted the Filipino people. Nevertheless, Cory expressed her intention to pay off those debts. Unknown to many Filipinos was the fatt, that there was a choice of waiving the said debt because those were the d of the dictator and not of the country.
Apolinario Mabini penned the "Kartilya ng Katipunan. Magellan and his fleet received a warm welcome from all of the chieftains and local leaders in the Philippine Islands.
The Americans radically altered the social structure in the Philippines after they took over from Spain in terms of socioeconomic equality. The enmity between Aguinaldo and Bonifacio did not affect how the former's revolutionary government credited Bonifacio to the beginnings of the Philippine Revolution. Corazon Aquino did not: want to forge alliance with the United States because the latter was a known important ally of Marcos.
The forces of Magellan were successful in defeating and conquering Lapulapu. Group Work. Who authored it if applicable? Retrieved 18 May Bautista, A.
Manila: National Historical Commission. Gregorio Nieva, Retrieved 18 October See pene McCoy, A. Philippine Cartoo the American Era, London: Hakiuyt ented by Magellan. In this chapter, we will analyze four historiographical problems in Philippine history in an attempt to apply what we have learned thus far in the work of a historian and the process of historical inquiry.
Earlier, we have been introduced to history as a discipline, the historical method, and the content and context analysis of primary sources. Two key concepts that need to be defined before proceeding to the historical analysis of problems in history are interpretation and multiperspectivity. Before it was revealed as a hoax, it was a source of pride for the people of Aklan.
Considered the First Filipino Lawgiver, he promulgated in about a penal code now known as Code of Kalantiaw containing 18 articles. Don Marcelino Orilla of Zaragoza, Spain, obtained the original manuscript from an old chief of Panay which was later translated into Spanish by Rafael Murviedo Yzamaney. He attributed the code to a historical fiction written in by Jose E. Marco attributed the code itself " to a priest named Jose Maria Pavon.
As students of history; we must be well equipped to recognize different types of. Interpretations of historical eventschange over time; thus, it is an important skill for a student of history, to track these changes in an attempt to understand the past. The poem was first published in , in a book by Hermenegildo Cruz. Cruz said he received the poem from Gabriel Beato Francisco, who claimed to have received it in from Rizal's close friend, Saturnino Raselis.
Rizal never mentioned writing this poem anywhere in his writings, and more importantly, he never mentioned of having a close friend by the person of Raselis.
Further criticism of the poem reveals more about the wrongful attribution of the poem to Rizal. If the poem was indeed written during his time, it should use the original Spanish orthography that was prevalent in his time. And as a construct, it is open for interpretation. It ig important, therefore, to subject to evaluation not only the primary source, but also the historical interpretation of the same, to ensure that the current interpretation is reliable to support our acceptance of events of the past, Multiperspectivity With several possibilities of interpreting the past, another important concept that we must note is multiperspectivity.
This can be defined as a way of looking: at historical events, personalities, developments, cultures, and societies from different perspectives. This means that there is a multitude of ways by which we can view the world, and each could be equally valid, and at the same time, equally partial as well.
Historical writing is, by definition, biased, partial, and contains preconceptions. Historians may misinterpret evidence, attending to those that suggest that a certain event happened, and then ignore the rest that goes against the evidence.
Historians may omit significant facts about their subject, which makes the interpretation unbalanced. Historians may impose a certain ideology to their subject, which may not be appropriate to the period the subject was from.
Historians may also provide a single cause for an event without considering other possible causal explanations of said event. These are just many of the ways a historian may fail in his historical inference, description, and interpretation. With multiperspectivity as an approach in history, we must understand that historical interpretations contain discrepancies, contradictions, ambiguities, and are often the focus of dissent.
Different sources that counter each other may create space for more investigation and research, while providing more evidence for thos? Different historical agents create different historical truths, and while this may be a burdensome work for the historian, it also renders more validity to the historical scholarship.
Taking these in close regard in the reading of historical interpretations, it provides for the audience a more complex, but also a more complete and richer understanding of the past.
Butuan has long been believed as the site of the first Mass. The Butuan claim has been based on a rather elementary reading of primary sources from the event. Toward the end of the nineteenth century and the start of the twentieth century,«together with the increasing scholarship on the history of the Philippines, a more nuanced reading of the available evidence was made, - which brought to light more considerations in going against the more accepted interpretation of the first Mass in the Philippines, made both by Spanish and Filipino scholars.
It must be noted that there are only two primary sources that historians refer to in identifying the site of the first Mass. He was one of the 18 survivors who returned with Sebastian Elcano on the ship Victoria after they circumnavigated the world. Pigafetta, like Albo, was a member of the Magellan expedition and an eyewitness of the events, particularly, of the first Mass. IV, As cited in Miguel A. On the 16th of March as they sailed in a westerly course from Ladrones, they saw land towards the northwest; but owing 1 to many shallow places they did not approach it.
They went instead that same day southwards to another small island named Suluan, and there they anchored. This island was at 9 and two-thirds degrees North latitude. The sea around that island was free from shallows. The people of that island of Mazava were very good. From Mazava they sailed northwards: followed the coast of Seilani in an: up to 10 degrees of latitude whe: again towards Seilani.
They orthwesterly direction, ascending re they saw three small islands. From there they sailed westwards some ten leagues, and there they saw three islets, where they dropped anchor for the night.
In the. The town of Subu was on an east-west direction with the islands of Suluan and Mazava. But between Mazava and Subu, there were so many shallows that the boats could not go-westward directly but has to go as they did in a round-about way. Also, Albo does not mention the first Mass, but only the planting of the cross upon a mountain-top from which could be seen three islands to the west and southwest, which also fits the southern end of Limasawa.
III, There they set up two tents for the sick members of the ccew and had a sow killed for them. This time they were in two boats, and they brought food supplies. In the ecclesiastical calendar, this day March 25 was the feast-day of the Incarnation, 4. He attributed his narrow escape from death as grace obtained throug the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary on her feast-day. They left Homonhon sailin; ee are Leyte, then followed the Leyte coast vouthiward, passing between the island of Hibuson on their portside and Hiunangan Bay on their artnet starboard, 5 thal turning westward to maar then continued southward, It is twenty-five leagues from the Acquada, and is called Mazaua.
They remained seven days on Mazaua Island. Thursday, April 4 — They left Mazaua, bound for Cebu. They were guided thither by the king of Mazaua who sailed in his own boat. Here the Spanish ships stopped to allow the king of Mazaua to catch up with them, since the Spanish ships were much faster than the native balanghai—a thing that excited the admiration of the king of Mazaua.
Ithad taken them three days to negotiate the journey from Mazaua northwards to the Camotes Islands and then southwards to Cebu. The natives paddled away, but two hours lang boats balanghai came, in one of which the native kien an awning of mats. At Magellan's invitation some of te went up the Spanish ship, but the native king remained s i i his boat. An exchange of gifts was effected.
In the afternon day, the Spanish ships weighed anchor and came closer wan anchoring near the native king's village. Another exchange of gifts was made. The native king and his companions returned ashore, bringing with them two members of Magellan's expedition as guests for the night. One of the two was Pigafetta. An ig] t ag Saturday, March 30 — Pigafetta and his companion had spent the previous evening feasting and drinking with the native king and his son.
Pigafetta deplored the fact that, although it was Good Friday, they had to eat meat. The following morning Saturday Pigafetta and his companion took leave of their hosts and returned to the ships.
Magellan and the Spaniards returned to the shiP for the noon-day meal, but in the afternoon they returned ashore to plant the cross on the summit of the highest hill. Of the three, 3 Zubu was the port with the most trade. Magellan then said that he wished to go to Zubu and to depart the following morning. But even with all the knowledge and training, Jon was still the Bastard of Winterfell which is why he never displayed his skills to the world and often allowed Robb to wn their spars.
During another of the dream meetings, Jon vented out his frustrations stating that he could not bear to stay at Winterfell any longer. But Lord Stark would not allow him to leave to make his own place stating that Jon was still young while Lady Stark often asked that he should be sent to the Wall.
Jon recalled the incident with Jeyne Poole. However, Jeyne had always been kind to him when no one was watching. Jeyne had grown into fine northern beauty with her dark brown locks, sweet eyes and burgeoning figure. But before things could go any further, Jeyne broke away.
Bastards are truly sinful creatures. After Lord Stark ordered them to be silent tired from their incessant raving, he asked both Jeyne and Jon about the matter. Fortunately, Lord Stark ended the argument and said that there would be no punishment but asked Jon to keep away from Jeyne and the other young ladies of the castle to avoid further incidents. You are not worthy of a proper lady. You should send him away Ned before he corrupts our sons as well.
Recalling the incident filled Jon with an anger that threatened to consume him but at the end left him feeling only bitter at his place in the world. No matter what he did, he would always be treated with contempt and scorn. Times and fortunes can turn within moments and you have a lifetime ahead of you. The best I can hope for is to either make a life as a sellsword in the East or a life at the Wall in the service of the realm.
I am a Snow, after all. The time for you to begin your journey has come. I had promised you answers during our first meeting and I will soon give them to you. But before you learn the truth, you must do exactly as I tell you. Trust me. Jon was definitely confused but more than that he was afraid as this ritual sounded eerily similar to the stories of blood sacrifice performed by the First Men told by Old Nan. However, Jon reminded himself that Brynden had always helped him in the past and there was no reason to start doubting him now.
So, late next night when all of Winterfell was fast asleep, Jon stealtily made his way to the Godswood making sure that no one saw him. He then stood before the ancient weirwood as he cut his palm with the dagger. Blood started to trickle out and Jon quickly painted the symbols that Brynden had shown in his dream upon the bark of the tree.
Almost, instantly he felt a surge of power couse through him as his mind went blank after being bombarded with strange and intense visions of strange lands, battles and so on. When he awoke, he was lying at the base of the tree and Brynden was standing in front of him. At first, he thought it was a dream but then felt the stinging pain of his cut palm which confirmed that he was wide awake.
You did well, the ritual was a success and now we can communicate without interacting in dreams. All you need to do is think of me and I shall appear to aid you. However, only you shall be able to hear and see me. We do not even need to speak as we share our thoughts. I know that all of this is a bit overwhelming but trust me these powers will aid you in your quest.
I promised you the truth and answers and I intend to keep my word. Having different mothers will allow your children to appear distinct from their half-sblings, thus making the others think that several dragonlord lines have emerged. Even, Robert Baratheon has some Targaryen blood in him. What makes my blood and seed so special? Those born of your seed should possess enough magic in their blood to be a concern for the Others.
A single line of dragonlords can be fought but a multitude of them would be too daunting for even the Others which is why you must spread your seed. I suggest that you choose noble born woman as their bloodlines will breed stronger offspring along with gaining you the support necessary to reclaim your crown. However, you are free to enjoy any common born beauty that catches your fancy as well.
Dorne might be an option but I doubt they would hold much love or loyalty towards the son of the man who spurned Princess Elia leading to her brutal demise along with her children. Remember, the Sea will make you a warrior, while the She-Bear will make you a man. However, all thoughts were pushed to the back of his mind when Lord Stark informed the castle of an Ironborn attack on Bear Isle as he was breaking his fast.
He was reluctant to let Jon join as well but agreed after Jon pointed out that he needed experience if was going to make a life for himself beyond the castle walls. Lady Stark supported his decision, probably hoping that the Ironborn would take care of her bastard problem.
As the Winterfell party rode out of the castle gates, Jon could not help but wonder what awaited him on the Isle. Sorry, this work doesn't allow non-Archive users to comment. According to National Geographic ,. As a new Spanish teacher, I used to be unsure of how to treat holidays.
And thankfully, there is no need to reinvent the wheel. This post contains affiliate links. Thank you for your support! Google Arts and Culture has some amazing resources as well, for exploring Day of the Dead. Infographs are a great way to use authentic language in short bits with illustrations and graphic for support while learning about Day of the Dead. These are fun to to prompt discussion and give the students a chance to see what they can understand from an authentic resource.
Credit: Xoximilco blog. Credit: Enter to the Matrix. Image Credit: El Comercio. Free printable for papel picado from Live Colorful. Calaca Finger Puppets from Calico Spanish.
Free color-by-number Calaveras from Spanish Playground. Stone Sugar Skulls from Alisa Burke. Here are two songs that work for different levels. You can also see my entire post on Day of the Dead songs , with many more options! This song would work well for older students. This song could work for younger students, with kid-friendly illustrations and music.
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